The Status of the Testing Effect for Complex Materials: Still a Winner     

Katherine A. Rawson 《Educational Psychology Review》2015,27(2):327-331

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Professional development to support principals' vision of science instruction: Building from their prior experiences to support the science practices     

Katherine L. McNeill  Rebecca Lowenhaupt  Kevin Cherbow  Benjamin R. Lowell 《科学教学研究杂志》2022,59(1):3-29

The implementation of science reform must be viewed as a systems-level problem and not just focus on resources for teachers and students. High-capacity instructional leadership is essential for supporting classroom science instruction. Recent reform efforts include a shift from learning about science facts to figuring out scientific phenomena in which students use science practices as they build and apply disciplinary core ideas. We report findings from a research study on professional development (PD) to support instructional leaders' learning about the science practices. After participating in the PD, the instructional leaders' familiarity with and leadership content knowledge of the science practices significantly improved. Initially, principals used their understandings from other disciplines and content neutral visions of classrooms to make sense of science instruction. For example, they initially used their understandings of models and argument from ELA and math to make sense of science classroom instruction. Furthermore, some principals focused on content neutral strategies, like a clear objective. Over the course of the PD workshops, principals took up the language of the science practices in more nuanced and sophisticated ways. Principals' use of the language of the science practices became more frequent and shifted from identifying or defining them to considering quality and implementation in science classrooms. As we design tools to support science, we need to consider instructional leaders as important stakeholders and develop resources to specifically meet their needs. If the science feels too unfamiliar or intimidating, principals may avoid or reframe science reform efforts. Consequently, it is important to leverage instructional leaders' resources from other disciplines and content neutral strategies as bridges for building understanding in science. We argue that the science practices are one potential lever to engage in this work and shift instructional leaders' understandings of science instruction.  相似文献   

Exploring the experiences and responses of LGBTQ+ adolescents to school-based sexuality education     

Shereen C. Naser  Katherine Clonan-Roy  Kimberly A. Fuller  Elizabeth A. Goncy  Nicole Wolf 《Psychology in the schools》2022,59(1):34-50

The purpose of this study is to describe the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, two spirit, and queer (LGBTQ+) youth with school-based sexuality education (SBSE), as well as to document strategies LGBTQ+ youth are using to address their evolving and specific sexual health needs outside of SBSE. Researchers conducted focus groups with 17 adolescents (ages 14–18) from urban and suburban Midwestern cities. Results of this study indicate LGBTQ+ youth find SBSE to be heteronormative, cisgender focused, and primarily focused on pregnancy and disease prevention, which contributes to LGBTQ+ youth experiences of exclusion. In response to SBSE that did not meet student needs, participants reported seeking sexual health information outside of SBSE. Other sources included family and other trusted adults, the Internet, and community resource centers. Students reported variable rates of use and trustworthiness across these resources. Results of this study suggest that school personnel should consider alternatives to traditional SBSE models to meet the needs of LGBTQ+ youth, and that an important part of SBSE should include guidelines for Internet safety.  相似文献   

The professional role and exercise of the role of educational assistance professionals in schools with School Integration Programs in Chile     

Katherine Andrea Dinamarca-Aravena 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2023,23(4):300-312

The incorporation of health professionals into inclusive schools is increasingly necessary. However, the work of these professionals has not yet been studied globally. This qualitative research analyses the perceptions of speech therapists, psychologists, physical therapists and occupational therapists on the role that educational policy defines for working in schools with School Integration Programmes in Chile. Through chain sampling, 52 professionals were interviewed. The data were analysed inductively through thematic analysis. The results show that the role defined by policies for professionals is not in line with the needs of schools and the aspirations of the inclusive approach. The exercise of the role emerges as a distinct entity from the defined role that seems to be more responsive to the needs of schools and students. Interviewees described tensions related to the role in schools, professional training, working conditions and contextual features that would permeate the role that the policy mandates them to play. The findings of the study promote new research horizons related to the role of professional assistants, where research is still incipient worldwide, and invite reflection on the importance of designing education policies with a bottom-up approach to capture the needs presented by learners and professional teams.  相似文献   

Solution pH change in non-uniform alternating current electric fields at frequencies above the electrode charging frequency     

Ran An  Katherine Massa  David O. Wipf  Adrienne R. Minerick 《Biomicrofluidics》2014,8(6)

AC Faradaic reactions have been reported as a mechanism inducing non-ideal phenomena such as flow reversal and cell deformation in electrokinetic microfluidic systems. Prior published work described experiments in parallel electrode arrays below the electrode charging frequency (f_c), the frequency for electrical double layer charging at the electrode. However, 2D spatially non-uniform AC electric fields are required for applications such as in plane AC electroosmosis, AC electrothermal pumps, and dielectrophoresis. Many microscale experimental applications utilize AC frequencies around or above f_c. In this work, a pH sensitive fluorescein sodium salt dye was used to detect [H⁺] as an indicator of Faradaic reactions in aqueous solutions within non-uniform AC electric fields. Comparison experiments with (a) parallel (2D uniform fields) electrodes and (b) organic media were employed to deduce the electrode charging mechanism at 5 kHz (1.5f_c). Time dependency analysis illustrated that Faradaic reactions exist above the theoretically predicted electrode charging frequency. Spatial analysis showed [H⁺] varied spatially due to electric field non-uniformities and local pH changed at length scales greater than 50 μm away from the electrode surface. Thus, non-uniform AC fields yielded spatially varied pH gradients as a direct consequence of ion path length differences while uniform fields did not yield pH gradients; the latter is consistent with prior published data. Frequency dependence was examined from 5 kHz to 12 kHz at 5.5 V_pp potential, and voltage dependency was explored from 3.5 to 7.5 V_pp at 5 kHz. Results suggest that Faradaic reactions can still proceed within electrochemical systems in the absence of well-established electrical double layers. This work also illustrates that in microfluidic systems, spatial medium variations must be considered as a function of experiment time, initial medium conditions, electric signal potential, frequency, and spatial position.  相似文献   

Cases,hypermedia and computer networks: three curricular innovations for teacher education     

Catherine A. Lacey  Katherine K. Merseth 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(6):543-551

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Strategic ambiguity in the role development process     

Katherine Miller  Lori Joseph  Julie Apker 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(3):193-214

Today's turbulent business and social environment often compels organizations to adopt internal programs that will help them cope with complexity. One organizational sector in which this is particularly true is the health care industry, as managed care programs and competitive forces have changed the way hospitals and clinics operate. This study looks at a specific organizational program designed to cope with these industry changes and considers the impact of the program on the nurses involved. Drawing on theory and research on role development and strategic ambiguity, this case analysis looks at a hospital system in which the nursing role of “care coordinator”; was defined in a strategically ambiguous way. After analyzing interviews with 19 care coordinators, conclusions are drawn regarding affective reactions to strategic role ambiguity, behavioral adaptation to strategic role ambiguity, and the importance of conceptualizing role ambiguity as a systemic process.  相似文献   

Age and sex influences on running mechanics and coordination variability     

Katherine A. Boyer  Julia Freedman Silvernail  Joseph Hamill 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(22):2225-2231

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of age on running mechanics separately for male and female runners and to quantify sex differences in running mechanics and coordination variability for older runners. Kinematics and kinetics were captured for 20 younger (10 male) and 20 older (10 male) adults running overground at 3.5 m · s^?1. A modified vector coding technique was used to calculate segment coordination variability. Lower extremity joint angles, moments and segment coordination variability were compared between age and sex groups. Significant sex–age interaction effects were found for heel-strike hip flexion and ankle in/eversion angles and peak ankle dorsiflexion angle. In older adults, mid-stance knee flexion angle, ankle inversion and abduction moments and hip abduction and external rotation moments differed by sex. Older compared with younger females had reduced coordination variability in the thigh–shank transverse plane couple but greater coordination variability for the shank rotation–foot eversion couple in early stance. These results suggest there may be a non-equivalent aging process in the movement mechanics for males and females. The age and sex differences in running mechanics and coordination variability highlight the need for sex-based analyses for future studies examining injury risk with age.  相似文献   

运动对糖尿病大鼠ASP影响的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王涌涛  景志强  张钧 《体育科学》2006,26(8):59-62

研究运动对链脲佐菌素所致糖尿病大鼠ASP的影响。选用雄性SD大鼠，随机分为4组（每组10只），即：正常对照组，正常运动组，糖尿病模型组，糖尿病模型＋运动组。运动组进行10周的游泳训练。结果表明：1）糖尿病模型组与正常对照组大鼠相比，血浆ASP浓度、血糖、TG、和LDL明显升高，血清FFA有升高趋势，血清胰岛素和ISI明显降低；2）糖尿病模型＋运动组较其非运动组血浆ASP浓度、血糖、TG、TC、FFA和LDL明显降低，血清胰岛素和HDL含量明显升高。提示：糖尿病机体血浆ASP浓度升高，伴随着其活性下降，使得FFA和富舍TG的脂蛋白消除障碍，长期中等负荷运动可以降低血浆中ASP浓度，增加其活性，进而降低FFA和TG水平，升高HDL，改善糖尿病机体的脂质代谢，预防其慢性并发症的发生。  相似文献   

Christian Education,White Supremacy,and Humility in Formational Agendas     

Katherine Turpin 《Religious education (Chicago, Ill.)》2017,112(4):407-417

Christian education served as a tool of White supremacy that played a central role in the devastation of millions of human lives throughout the colonial era of Western expansion. An adequate account of how Christian education paired with colonial imperatives helps to identify where the legacy of White supremacy and imperial domination lives on in contemporary practices of Christian faith formation and religious education. While any educational venture requires authority and is an act of power, humility is an essential partnering virtue for Christian educators who do not wish to replicate this history of domination.  相似文献